一、基本知识点

1. sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.

也可作定语a sick child

【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.

2. cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.

3. give out分发；散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give sth. out to sb. 意为 把某物分发给某人 。

4. volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）

volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ，

5. alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.

lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩（侧重心理），可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.

6. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料……care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事 →【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless 粗心的 →【副词】carefully 仔细地

7. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词

such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比赛

such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的食物

如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time

8. try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year. try out试用，试验

9. journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅行；

travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler旅行者

10.【复习】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情

be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情

11.【复习】try doing sth. 试着去做某事 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事

try one’s best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力去做某事

12.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人、某事

13. raise money集资，筹钱；raise money for…为……筹钱

raise【动词】举起；提高；募集

14. repair 【动词】修理，修补； fix【动词】安装；使固定 【fix up修理=repair】

15.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的；在句中做定语和表语。

16. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，

make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为…；

think/find it +形容词to do sth.

17. make a difference to…对……有影响；对……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如

The rain made no difference to the game.

18. difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数；

have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难

19.be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋

excited意为 兴奋的，修饰人； exciting意为 令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。

20. order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）follow the order。

21. change【动词】变化，改变It’s hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名词】变化；零钱

change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.